19.2 - 43.2 m
129.20m
14m
Project construction
1976-04-30
4
One tube; two tracks
9.80 m including 2.0 m caisson edge
10.40m
The elements were built on an island and lowered into the water by cranes. They were
then towed to location, lowered to the bottom and final lowering was done by the
caisson excavation method.
then towed to location, lowered to the bottom and final lowering was done by the
caisson excavation method.
Pretension cables, transversely and longitudinally
Using four buoyancy tanks (rectangular cross section), one at each corner of tunnel
element deck
element deck
Tremie concrete
No membrane
Caisson space filled with injected concrete
Concrete poured under water
Reinforced